Combination tool



Jan. 15, 1929.

' J. l.- APPLESTINE COMBINATION TooL \\\....1....,: il 11 Bnl PatentedJan. 15, 1929.

JAIESI. ArPLEsTINE, on ANNAPQLIS, MARYIAND.

comsnvecrion` Toor..

Application tiled July 21j There is :if class oflools known als srrewSetters, which are engaged with a` kert of n screw, to `plaine orstarrt: thescrew, as. distinguished ronrturning the screw home to` `eseat. Mechanies ksometimes useV such :i tool thoughtlessly, as e screwdriver, and the tool is broken, because the somewhat delicatemeehanismnsed to` grip thescrevv` in thel kerf, will not abide theheavytorque Vto which a. screw driver u is` subjected. The foregoingbeing understood, one object of the invention is so toconstructthe tooltibet7 when an attempt is made to. use it as 11 screw driver, the`handle Willlslip and avoid .n dangerous twisting `pressure on the bitor part which engegesthe screw.Ak v

In a number of: trades, lass4 is placed and set by Ineansof serews,bolts andI the like, end ifP tool much twist isput on `the screw driverthe` glass is broken. Thisfbeingto improve generally amd to enhance theutility of devices of that sort te which the invention anpertaiifns.

I have shown preferred forms of my invention, but it understood thatthose forms ere presented for illustration nie-rely, and that ameehanie, ivoi'lringz` within the scope of what is. claimed; may melee sueh changes as his slrilll` may sii-gscgresti` without departingfromithespirit ot` the invention.

In the eeeompanydraivings f- Figure l shows insideielevatien, eserewsetter wherein the presentiA improvements have been embodied Figure 2isalangitndinal seetion ot the structure shoveniniFigrru'elg,`

Figure 3 isranelidview of the lnimlle:

Figure l is aplram oft-lie Battelle/teint?.

Figufe S- View illustrating ,the device embodied in a screw driver.

In the form disclosed in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, there iis-shown mhurwlle1 having :i recess Z in itsforward end, and a chamber lees semi No.mees.

3f in its rear end, the chamber :uidlthe reeeee. being connected byV wreduced bore lg there being radial seats 5 inthe handle. 1l at: hebuiseoii. the chamber 3.-, A; stemislmeatied inthe bore 4, and at times.may rotate there;` in, the stem beingr provided with a... bit T forengaging the kerf of ai screw, the bit being threaded et 8 into. thetorwzird end ofi the stem 6i. The bite 7, is. slit, to` forni thinnedjaws l0.` Thebit 7 has ailongitwdmah passage 1'1 eommnnieating with ntransverseopeningi l2 in the-stenn, e` crees;

pint 14 being loeatedin the openingi l2 and:

heving` transverse movement therein, i the untreu STATES PATENTori-flee; i

crosspin engaging the inner end-voir annex i palmier rochl, leeaedin thepassage lh the expander rod having ai tapered end 16v. alzipted to beadvanced bet-Ween the jews.` 1

ment (inthe. stem Gland has a iorwin w re cess, 119,;n whiehithe @rosspin Mcis reeeived; sothat; the cross. pin cannot slide endwiseont efftheopwing 12.; The sleeve 1N has. a rear recesshinewhichis 1 located anabnt- 1 menbwaisher 2]; dislciosecl;` about thesteiir` 6 and` held;`against longitudinal rilevamenti in. one` direction by the threaded partofa the stem. A; compression; spring is 'lotedf about the stein 6,oneendi off the compres. sien spring bearing on the washer 211iA andtheK other end of* the compression springI bearing aga-inst the hamllie1: at: the hase of the recess 2. i i

A ratchet nieinberfh in; the ferm` ofi n nient thei'ealnng, and is`lolaieedail'ix` the chem-` ber 3. Any `means.vinnylee pinvidedffm'loonnecting the ratchet member-- 23:. with the` stein 6,., to,rotatedtherewith.v Forfinshanee,

thestenr 6 may have :niiet sidel nadnpiied`` Aisleewel is thremded :1h18for ed'nstf pleteg. is meent-.edI om the steun 6 for i adjnstf A closure31 is detachably mounted, by threading or otherwise, on one end of thehandle 1, the closure having an opening 32 through which the stem 6projects, the stem terminating in a screw driver bit 33.

IVhen the tool is to be'used as a screw setter, a small screw, sometimesis held between the jaws 10, but, more frequently, the jaws 10 areinserted into the kerf of the screw, and the sleeve 17 is rotated andadvanced along the stem 6, the cross pin 14 being carried forward, andthe expander 15 being advanced, so that its tapered end 16 will spreadthe jaws 10 and cause them to hold in the kerf of the screw. The screw,held as above described, may be placed wherever needed.

It has been stated by some, that many mechanics, after they have placedthe screw, thoughtlessly continue to rotate the screw by means of thejaws 10, the bit 7 and the handle 1, the tool thus being converted intoa screw driver. The tool is not adapted for promiscuous use of thatkind, because the bit 7 and the jaws 10 are somewhat frail; and theresult is that the jaws 10 are broken, twisted out of shape, or damagedotherwise.

In order to avoid the aforesaiddamage to the jaws 10, and, indeed, torender the tool incapable of use as a screw driver, in the hand of athoughtless person, the handle 1 is connected to the bit-stem 6 by whatmay be called a slip clutch. When the operator presses in the directionof the arrow A in Figure 2, as he must do when he'attempts to use thetool as a screw driver, the spring 22 will be compressed somewhat, andthe handle 1 will move in the direction of the arrow A, thus easing offa little on the interengaged elements 24 and 5 of the ratchet member 23and the handle 1, respectively, the handle thus being permitted torotate freely with respect to the stem 6, before torque enough is put onthe bit 7 to twist the jaws 10 out of shape, or to break them. It istherefore practically impossible for an absent-minded mechanic to turnthe tool into a screw driver.

When the real screw driver work is to be carried out, the operator turnsthe tool end for end, and uses the'bit 33. Note that at this time, thepressure is in the direction of the arrow B in Figure 2, and the ribs 24and the seats 5 are the more securely interengaged, so that independentrotation between the handle 1 and the bit 6 will not be likely to takeplace. The ribs 24 and the seats 5 are so pitched or sloped, as' shownin Figure 2, that although the handle 1 can rotate somewhat readily withrespect to the stem 6 when an attempt is made to use the jaws 10 for ascrew driver, yet, when the bit 33 vis used to advancev the screw,relative rotation between the handle 1 and the stem 6 will be morediiicult.

The compression spring 22 determines the strength of the engagementwhich exists between the ribs 24 and the seats The effecw tive eilort ofthe spring 22 may be changed or adjusted by moving the stein 6 endwisein the handle 1. rlhis is brought about by turning the castle nut 28 onthe threaded part 29 of the stem 6, the castle nut being held in place,after adjustment, by the securing element 30.

In Figure 5, parts hereinbefore described have been designated bynumerals previously used, with the suix a The stem 6a carries a bit 7which is constructed, as indicated at 34, for use as a screw driver, andnot as a screw setter. The bit 7 has a shoulder 35 against which thesleeve 17a is threaded. This tool is adapted to be used in settingglass, or in other operations, in which too strong a torque will lead totrouble. Obviously, when the` operator pushes the handle 1n forward, inorder to put too heavy a twist on the part 34 of the bit 7, the handle 1will turn with respect to the stem 6a, as hereinbefore described inconnection with the handle 1.

The bit, such as the bit 7a, may be supplied with a circumferentialgroove or seat 50, used when supplemental tools (not shown) are mountedon the bit 7a.

What is claimed is 1. A tool of the class described, comprising a stemprovided at each end with means for engaging an article to be rotated, ahandle on the stem, and interengaging slip clutch elements carried bythe handle and by the stem, the handle being movable in one direction toweaken the engagement between said interengaging elements when one ofsaid means is in use, and the handle being movable in an oppositedirection to strengthen the engagement between said interengagingelements when the other of said means is in use.

2. A device of the class described, constructed as set forth in claim 1,further characterized by the provision of spring means for yieldablyresisting the movement of the handle in the first-specified direction.

3. A device of the class described, constructed as set forth in claim 1,and further characterized by the provision of spring means formaintaining said interengaging elements yieldably interengaged, andmechanism on the stem for adjusting the spring means, said mechanismcarrying one of the aforesaid interengaging elements.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aihxedmy signature.

JAMES I. APPLESTINE.

